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Electronics in Past, Present and Future
by Lijo George
Moore’s law in the field of electronics has established that the number of transistors being fabricated over an integrated circuit of silicon will double up in every cycle of 1.5 years. Processing speed of the devices where these circuits with ever increasing number of circuits are embedded will also double up in the same interval. The increase in speed of execution and a proportional decrease in size over regular intervals of time has been phenomenal.
As soon as solid state micro electronics enters the scene exercising its full capabilities, it will be possible to have millions of circuits occupying a square centi-meter of the size of chip. As the devices grew smaller with time, heat dissipation was one of the prime concerns for the architects of electronic devices. A micro processor with over ten million transistor will generate heat more than the top of a cooking surface. Scientists have been working on the capacitive coupling of the individual components in micro sized circuits. Present fabrication methods deployed to manufacture chips are limited by the wavelength of light radiation being used to lithography. It is these limitations which are subsided by new age technologies like nano science. An exponential decrease in size of the devices can only be supported by an exponential increase in funding for the research projects that make such devices a reality.
Continuous reduction in size one of the foremost criterions followed by the innovators in electronics industry. However, creativity and utility oriented approaches have also successfully made devices and applications that go deep down to the level of molecules. Molecular electronics is set to forever change the face of technology being used for communication, storage and information channelization. A molecule acting as a transistor is actually 30 – 40 thousand times smaller in size. At present, scientists have successfully used molecules as wires to transmit and store signal. All molecules are identical to each other and it allows us to fabricate circuits without any defects. Initial years of the electronics had a foundation of analog signals. Digital electronics and its applications are at its peak at present. Future of electronics, no doubt belongs to molecular electronics. Talks about using molecular structure and attributes in electronics have been around since late 70’s and today we see this technology at a conceptual stage. It will not take long to reach the home and work houses across the world once the technology is well paid for its costs and designed utility fulfills a mass requirement.
Powerful academic alliances in the past have kept the torch alive and it will continue doing so in the future. Big corporate companies will commercialize every finding which seems to be feasible. No matter who creates a smart device in future, whole world will benefit. Discoveries and inventions of the past prove it. Although a corporate house squeezes out maximum profit from an advancement, others get a way to follow and a standard discovery to look at.
Electronics has a short and glorious past. Our present is awarded with utilities that affect every second moment of our life and future holds a box of pleasant surprises
About the Author
electronic design|power supply circuits
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